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Istanbul… The main reason of Istanbul’s being a very popular city for which wars are made, lives are lost is its geographical location…
Let’s review this location first: In its south stretches Marmara Sea and in its north is Black Sea. Its west part is in Europe and east part is in Asia.

View from the "Bosphorus"

The important waterline dividing Istanbul into two is the Bosphorus… The only alternative to reach the Aegean Sea and the Meditteranean Sea, therefore to open sea is to use Istanbul and the the Bosphorus…
Istanbul is both the nearest Asian city to Europe and the nearest European city to Asia. What adds to Istanbul’s significance is its being a port city and all trade paths’ passing through the city for thousands of years…
  Another important feature of Istanbul is that it has a highly sheltered structure. Especially the center which is presently called as the “historical peninsula”, which was made capital city by both Byzantine and Ottoman Empires and its being located on a hill surrounded by three seas made it almost impossible to be conquered… Indeed, Haliç had the quality of being an unparalleled harbour sheltering navy fleets.

Land of the blinds:
A famous myth explains very precisely the unmatched location of Istanbul :
Commander Byzas, who gave his name to the empire to be later called as Byzantine, sets off to sail to build a new colony from where Greece is located today. During the long voyage and his searches, he goes to an oracle for advice. The oracle makes this prediction: “You are going to build your city right opposite of the land of the blinds!” Continuing his voyage, Byzas reaches to the banks of Sarayburnu, the Istanbul of today. When he sees this protected peninsula, he thinks that it is just the place that he was looking for; meanwhile he notices the area of residence on the opposite side (Kadiköy at present). Byzas decides that the people who, given the excellent area of residence right before them, do not prefer to reside there are blind. And since it also coincides with the prediction, he builds his colony on this land without hesitation…

View from "Aya Sofya"
Historic:
Istanbul has been the capital of three empires, Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman, which used to dominate the world. Today the city stands with all its glamour and mysticism as a harmonious link between East and West, past and presents and antique and modern.
It is one of the richest cities historically, as well as one of the most beautiful, enchanting and alive cities of the world; it has an atmosphere of its own with its life-style, people and numerous attractions. In Istanbul, you will have to be generous with time since it has so much to show. The old palaces, the great mosques with soaring minarets, ancient churches, museums, bazaars, the Istanbul Strait and others are wonderful sites worth seeing.


Sightseeing:
Certainly you should see the supremely elegant Imperial Sultanahmet Mosque with six minarets. The building is more familiarly known as the Blue Mosque because of its magnificent interior of blue and white Iznik tiles. Directly in front of the Blue Mosque there is the Aya Sofya Museum (The Basilika of Hagia Sophia), one of the finest buildings of all time. The Kariye Museum is, after Hagia Sophia, the most important Byzantine monument of Istanbul. The cascading domes and four slender minarets of the Imperial Suleymaniye Mosque, considered the most beautiful of all imperial mosques In Istanbul, dominate the skyline on the Golden Horn's west bank. On a finger of land at the confluence of the Bosphous, the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara stands the Topkapi Palace, where the sultans and their court lived and governed. The facade of the Dolmabahce Palace stretches for 600 meters along the European shore of the Bosphorus. It is the last Ottoman Palace.
Reclining on the western shore of the Bosphorus at sunset contemplating the red evening light reflected in the windows of the opposite shore you may suddenly understand why so many centuries ago settlers chose to build on this remarkable site. At such times you can see why Istanbul is truly one of the most glorious cities in the world.
Climate:
It is not possible to put into one type the climate of region where Istanbul is completely located. The city has different climate conditions from many areas of inhabitance because of its geographical location and physical geography.
Three types of climate is dominant in Istanbul throughout the year. These are north and south entering climates and mild climate. The climates dependent on west and east directional winds are trivial. The most frequent of the three is the climate observed when northern winds are dominant. There are four phases according to the seasons; cold, hot, and two transitional phases: One of which is long and the other is short…

The average temperatures in Istanbul broken down to months is as follows:
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Now Dec
Air 5°C
41°F		 6°C
43°F
 7°C
45°F
 12°C
54°F
 16°C
61°F
 21°C
70°F
 23°C
73°F
 23°C
73°F
 20°C
68°F
 16°C
61°F
 12°C
54°F
 8°C
46°F
Water 9°C
48°F
 7°C
45°F
 8°C
46°F
 11°C
52°F
 15°C
59°F
 20°C
68°F
 23°C
73°F
 23°C
73°F
 21°C
70°F
 17°C
63°F
 14°C
57°F
 11°C
52°F


View from "Kiz kulesi"
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